PRECIOUS STONESGemstones A gemstone or gem, also called a precious or semi-precious stone. After cut and polishing a piece of attractive mineral is used to make jewellery or other adornments. However certain rocks such as lapis-lazuli and organic materials such as amber or jet are not minerals, but are still used for jewelry, and are therefore often considered to be gemstones as well precious stones Diamond
Ruby
Emerald
Sapphire
Red Coral
Pearl
Alexandrite
Amber
Amethyst
Aquamarine
Cat's Eye
Garnet
Lapis Lazuli
Topaz
Turquoise
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Diamond is the transparent form of pure carbon. It the most valued hardest gemstone. it is something superb, the peerless "king of gems" that glitters, dazzles and symbolizes purity, innocence, strength and constancy. It does come in yellowish, green and blue in colour but the clear of white is the most used in jewellery. Most diamond comes from South Africa although significant sources of the mineral have been discovered in Canada, India, Russia, Brazil and Australia. It is said that diamonds are good for coughs and mucus problem.
Ruby is a variety of the mineral corundum (aluminum oxide). It is considered one of the four precious stones, together with the diamond, emerald and sapphire. In astral view ruby considered to be the most powerful gem in the universe. Ruby is the symbol of vitality and royalty, contentment and peace Color of rubies varies from vermilion to red. The brightest and most desired, most valuable colour is red called 'pigeon blood-red.' Ruby works with the flow of blood as and aid to circulation. It aids the cleaning and removal of infection r germs in the blood. Most rubies come from Burma and Thailand.
Emerald is a rare and valuable precious gemstone. A rare type of emerald is occasionally found in the mines of Colombia. The best beryl comes from Brazil. Beryl is the proper name for emerald and there are different colours of beryl. Emerald green is the colour as well as the stone. Most emeralds have inclusions (bubble) in them. If the stone has too much blue in it, it is then an aquamarine. Pink beryl is called Morganite, yellow beryl is golden, yellow-green beryl is heliodor. Red is a very rare beryl. Right shade of green emerald can be more valuable than a diamond.
A sapphire means blue in Greek. The blue goes from dark blue almost black to pale blue. The finest blue sapphires are a strong blue. The star sapphire is very valued. There are pink, yellow, violet, green and clear sapphires available. Today most sapphires are mined in Australia. It is said a necklace of sapphires will cure a sore throat. The sapphire was called the "Stone of Destiny". Sapphires contribute to mental clarity and perception. They can promote financial reward. The sapphire is the symbol of heaven and joyful devotion to god.
Red coral has been called the 'garden of the sea'. It was once believed to be a plant, but is now known to actually contain living animals called polyps. Coral is the result of accumulated skeletal masses from these polyps. Coral can be found in pink, white, yellow and black but noble red is most valuable type of coral. Coral was believed to prevent ill fortune and offer protection from skin disease when worn as a necklace. Coral is a good aid for meditation or visualization. The hard skeleton of red coral branches is naturally matte, but can be polished to a glassy shine. Most coral used for jewellery comes form the Mediterranean Sea or from the Pacific Ocean near Japan and Taiwan.
The pearl is the most valuable and oldest known gem. The pearl is organic matter derived from a living creature oysters and mollusks. The ideal pearl is perfect round and smooth, but many other shapes of pearls occur. The finest quality natural pearls have been highly valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries. Natural pearl is very rare. The great majority of pearls on the market are cultured pearls. One that has been formed on a pearl farm is called cultured pearls. Pearls can be dyed yellow, green, blue, brown, pink, purple or black in colour. Natural and cultured pearls can be distinguished from imitation pearls using a microscope. Present day natural pearling is confined mostly to seas off Bahrain.
Alexandrite is a very rare stone. The alexandrite changes colour when it has an unusual phenomenon. The finest alexandrite is a bright green but when put in candlelight or any reddish light, the stone changes to a bright red. Alexandrite is said to stimulate pleasure and love. It is used as a lucky stone. The two most important sources of alexandrite in the world today are Brazil and Sri Lanka.
Amber is technically not a gemstone or mineral, but an organic material; a fossilized sap from prehistoric trees that has aged over the course of millions of years. Usually, the colour of amber is yellow golden but it also can be found in milky white, red-orange, green, black and violet shades. Early physicians prescribed amber for headaches, heart problems, arthritis and a variety of other ailments. In ancient times, amber was carried by travelers for protection.
Amethyst is the violet variety of quartz. Crystalline quartz in shades of purple, lilac or mauve is called amethyst. Amethyst is believed to protect one from poison and worn it to guard against drunkenness and to install a sober mind. It is also used as a meditation aid when worn as a necklace. The amethyst is the perfect stone to symbolize piety, humility, sincerity and spiritual wisdom. The most popular metaphysical amethyst stone is use to treat insomnia and promote peaceful and healing sleep. It is also commonly used to relieve headache, sugar imbalance and general edginess, bringing overall of spiritual balance.
Aquamarine is a blue-green stone. Because of it's colour it has been called "water of the sea". The aquamarine is the stone of sailors, believing it would be protection for them on water. Aquamarine is an excellent stone to use for meditating. Aquamarine is most powerful as a meditation stone, as it bring a great peace and serenity. Some community used the aquamarine for disease of the stomach and believed it could care liver and throat troubles. Aquamarine comes from Colombia and Brazil.
Cat's eye lets you see everything. Use the cat's eye for insight and you can be a very lucky person. When used in jewelry the cat's eye may bring good luck and protection from the evil eye to the wearer. It also known to bring clear thinking and insight. 
Garnet are a related group of minerals. It comes in many colour, yellow, violet, orange, red etc. Garnet is known as the stone for a successful business. If your business is not as good as it should be, just put 3 or more garnets on your desk. It is believed that if a garnet is put under a pillow it will cure depression. Garnets can be used to make a person popular and have self-esteem when worn as jewelry. It helps protect one on trips. Garnets bring constancy to friendships.
According to gems history Lapis lazuli is known as an ancient gem. Very earliest cultures lapis lazuli valued more highly than gold. It can be found in Chile, the soviet Union, United States.
Topaz is a silicate mineral of aluminum and fluorine. Pure topaz is colourless and transparent but is usually tinted by impurities; typical topaz is wine or straw yellow, pale gray or pink. Topaz is a soothing, empathetic stone that will direct energy to the place it is most needed. It heals and energizes. Topaz is a promoter of truth and forgiveness. Topaz can be found in Brazil, USA, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, former USSR, Australia, Tasmania, Pakistan, Mexico, Japan and Africa.
Turquoise is one of the oldest protection amulets and was also known as a symbol of wealth in many ancient cultures. The turquoise is the symbol of friendship. It also brings peace to the home. Turquoise is said to attract prosperity and success, to have the power to influence creative powers, and to enhance the ability to communicate. Turquoise comes from Mexico and the United States today.